According to the 2011 census of India the
number of females per 1000 male in our country is 940. This is unfortunate, yet
one may find prospect in the fact that this is not a fall but 7 point rise when
compared to the census of the previous decade. I for once saw hope in the news
but that was until I went beyond the headline. There is one fact stated in the
census report which must be heeded to and that is that the number of female
children per male child fell drastically through this decade.
Why is it, one wonders, that there is such
inequality in our society. Why is it
that after fighting successfully with foreign rulers for centuries we are falling
to malice that our own culture has acquired for itself. Why is it that in
today’s world of equality we are still obsessed with the desire for a male
child? How can a woman who has felt her offspring in her womb get rid of her upon knowing that she is a girl? How indeed. Let us explore for their purposes.
A desire for son is innate to most sections
of our society. It is a will that many people openly express. It is so commonly accepted that in a recent case a judge was reported saying that it is acceptable. The reason being that in most parts of our
country a patriarchal system of inheritance is followed where only sons retain
the property and the name of their father. There are a few exceptions of course
but none in significant majority. Therefore preference to a male child seems
like a strategy for preserving the family name.
The social setup in India is such that it
is a son who has the responsibility of his parents in their old age. The idea
of living with a daughter and her in-laws is simply too imprudent to even
consider for most parents. With income as limited as it is in our country
saving for retirement is mostly not an option. For this reason most people who
are unable to produce a male heir are either forced to work through their old
age or to compete for old-age homes. A male child thus is a retirement plan and a daughter simply doesn't fit.
In our country where most people still live
below the poverty line, children are often no more than an economic choice. A son
can earn his share of bread and more from early days of his life whereas after
a certain age daughters, who are not allowed to work because of backward
conservative mindset of parents, are commonly accepted as burdens. Thus for
many in our society having a girl child is an economic disincentive.
The most important among these factors
perhaps is a curse from our past that still haunts millions of women through
their life and through them their parents. Yes dowry, the socially accepted
form of human trade in our culture, is perhaps the most unforgiving of all the reasons. It is
because of this that many families kill their newborn or unborn daughters in
fear of the grave financial misfortunes that her marriage would bring along. Whereas a son simply by his marriage can pay a lot of bills and thus the greed makes them covet.
Upon observation we find that there is some
rationale in the unjust preference of a son over a daughter. There is some
logic, no matter how horrid, behind the gruesome murder of a daughter. And thus
there is a plausible reason behind the falling child sex ratio. There is no doubt that the
number 914 to 1000 is a taint on the values of the nation. We need to rise and
work towards an unbiased future because such an imbalance as this is dangerous
for the country.
There are laws in India that were intended to rid us of these evils. There are laws, no matter how lax, that were intended to stop foeticide. There are also laws that were intended to stop the practice of dowry. But the thing worth marking is that there seems to be a lack of will among the administrators and police for implement such laws. This is because they too are a part of this biased society that has dual standards for the sexes. For them to change we the society have to change.
We must remember not to separate the cause
from the consequence. Working towards stopping female foeticide would be
unfruitful if we do not work towards eradicating the causes behind it. We must
first work towards stopping the practice of dowry so that then we can work
towards equality. For without equality we can only check the nuisance but we
can never stop it. It is only through impartiality between the two halves of
the nation that harmony can be achieved.
Further reading :
Dowry laws in India
Satyamev Jayate episode that features foeticide
Further reading :
Dowry laws in India
Satyamev Jayate episode that features foeticide
